These are published transcripts of interviews conducted by the Center for Oral History, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. People are welcome to utilize short excerpts from any of the transcripts without obtaining permission, as long as proper credit is given to the interviewee, the interviewer, and the Center for Oral History, the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. Permission must be obtained from the Center for Oral History before making more extensive use of the transcription and related materials. Browse the Oral History Transcripts archive at ScholarSpace, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.